| Applicable specifications | Confirm the wheelset type, vehicle application, operating conditions, and the standards required by the project. | Review the purchase specification, approved drawings, and applicable standard editions before production. | Contract requirements and the standards explicitly adopted for the order. |
| Wheel material and manufacture | Check material identification, manufacturing records, and required mechanical properties for the specified wheel type. | Review material certificates, heat or batch records, and test reports. GB/T 12814 may apply to railway vehicle wheels. | Applicable product standard and approved technical specification. |
| Axle material and manufacture | Verify axle material, manufacturing route, identification, and specified mechanical properties. | Review material certificates, process records, and test reports. GB/T 12813 may apply to railway vehicle axles. | Applicable product standard and approved technical specification. |
| Dimensions and profile | Inspect wheel diameter, back-to-back distance, wheel profile, axle dimensions, and other drawing-defined features. | Use calibrated gauges and measuring equipment; retain inspection records linked to the wheelset identification. | Approved drawings and specified tolerances. |
| Heat treatment and hardness | Confirm the specified heat-treatment process and required hardness characteristics for the wheel and axle. | Review heat-treatment charts and hardness test results; check test locations and methods against the specification. | Product standard, approved process, and contract requirements. |
| Surface and internal integrity | Check for unacceptable surface defects and internal discontinuities in areas requiring examination. | Use visual inspection and the specified non-destructive testing methods, such as ultrasonic or magnetic-particle testing where required. | Specified inspection coverage, procedure, and acceptance criteria. |
| Wheelset assembly and fit | Verify wheel mounting, press-fit records where applicable, component orientation, and assembly condition. | Review assembly procedures, recorded fitting parameters, and final inspection results. | Approved assembly drawings and process requirements. |
| Runout and rotational checks | Check the assembled wheelset for specified runout, concentricity, and smooth rotation. | Measure on suitable inspection equipment and record results for each wheelset. | Drawing tolerances and the applicable vehicle or component specification. |
| Traceability and documentation | Ensure wheels, axles, and completed assemblies can be traced to their material batches and inspection records. | Check permanent markings, serial or batch identifiers, certificates, and the final inspection dossier. | Contractual traceability and documentation requirements. |
| Packaging and delivery condition | Confirm protection against corrosion, impact, contamination, and handling damage during storage and transport. | Inspect packaging, preservation measures, identification labels, and shipping records before dispatch. | Approved packaging specification and transport requirements. |