| 1 | Weather-resistance rating | Check the IP rating. IP44 provides protection against solid objects larger than 1 mm and water splashes; IP65 is dust-tight and protected against water jets. | Choose a rating suited to the fixture’s location and likely exposure. An IP rating does not mean a light can be submerged unless its specifications explicitly allow it. |
| 2 | Suitable materials | Look for outdoor-rated housings, such as coated aluminum or corrosion-resistant stainless steel. Grade 316 stainless steel generally offers better corrosion resistance than grade 304, particularly in coastal environments. | Appropriate materials and finishes help resist rain, humidity, and corrosion over time. |
| 3 | Electrical safety marks | Check for approvals or conformity marks relevant to your market, such as UL or ETL listing in the United States, or applicable CE requirements in the European Economic Area. Verify the exact product and intended use. | Recognized testing or conformity information can help confirm that a product has been assessed against relevant electrical-safety requirements. Requirements vary by location. |
| 4 | Operating voltage | Consider low-voltage systems, commonly 12 V or 24 V, for many garden-lighting layouts. Mains-voltage installations should follow local electrical codes and may require a qualified electrician. | Voltage affects installation requirements, transformer selection, and the precautions needed around outdoor wiring. |
| 5 | Outdoor circuit protection | Use outdoor-rated cables, connectors, and power supplies. In the United States, outdoor receptacles generally require GFCI protection; other regions have their own requirements for residual-current protection. | Suitable protection helps reduce the risk of electric shock. Follow local codes and the manufacturer’s installation instructions. |
| 6 | Brightness and light distribution | Compare lumens for light output and beam angle or distribution for how the light spreads. Path lights, accent lights, and security lights need different patterns and brightness levels. | Matching output and beam shape to the task helps avoid dim areas and excessive glare. |
| 7 | Color temperature | Check the correlated color temperature (CCT), measured in kelvins. Around 2700–3000 K generally appears warm white; higher values appear progressively cooler. | Consistent color temperature can create a more coordinated look across paths, patios, and planting areas. |
| 8 | Solar-light performance | For solar models, check the panel type and placement requirements, battery specifications, stated runtime, and whether runtime figures depend on a full charge or a particular brightness setting. | Sun exposure, season, shade, and operating settings can all affect charging and nighttime performance. |
| 9 | Temperature and operating range | Review the product’s stated operating-temperature range and any limits for its battery or power supply. Check that the range suits the local climate. | Outdoor temperatures can affect electronic components and battery performance; specifications help show whether a fixture is suitable for the site. |
| 10 | Installation and maintenance | Confirm mounting method, cable-entry seals, replaceable parts, cleaning instructions, and warranty terms. Keep connectors accessible and avoid placing fixtures where water can pool unless rated for that use. | Clear installation and maintenance requirements make it easier to keep the lighting safe and working as intended. |